Narrative Imagination of Islam in Nusantara: A Study on Islam in Babad Tanah Jawi and Babad Giyanti
Main Article Content
Keywords
Narrative imagination, Islam, Babad Tanah Jawi, Babad Giyanti.
Abstract
The lack of research on literary elements in "babad" is in line with the limited study of Islamic elements within this genre. This research aims to analyze the Javanese poets' depictions of Islam in "Babad Tanah Jawi" and "Babad Giyanti." The study operates under the assumption that "babad" as literary works can allegorically create a contested space where Islam interacts with other traditions. A qualitative paradigm with a comparative structural approach is employed in this study, focusing on the narratives that shape the author's understanding of Islam in the 18th century. The findings of this research reveal that the court poet's portrayal of Islam in "Babad Tanah Jawi" shares similarities with another work in the same genre, "Babad Giyanti." These commonalities encompass the utilization of Islamic verses in the "bhabuka" text and "asmaul husna," the depiction of "walisongo's" role, the practice of "tawajjuh," moral Islamic teachings, and the political positioning characterized by ambivalence and negotiation among different traditions.
References
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Afifi, Irfan. Jawa-Islam Di Masa Kolonial: Suluk, Santri, and Pujangga Jawa. Yogyakarta: Buku Langgar, 2020.
Bogaerts, Els. “The Installation of Prince Mangkubumi Performing Javanese History.” Wacana 17, no. 3 (2017).
Day, Anthony. “Babad Kandha, Babad Kraton and Variation in Modern Javanese Literature.” Bijdragen Tot de Taal-, Land-En Volkenkunde 4de Afl (1978).
Diandini, Ainun Haerda, Ahmad Mujib, and Choeroni Choeroni. “Akulturasi Islam Dan Budaya Jawa Pada Masa Kekuasaan Sultan Agung Di Kerajaan Mataram Islam.” Prosiding Konstelasi Ilmiah Mahasiswa Unissula (KIMU) Klaster Humanoira, 2022.
Fanani, Ahwan, and Ashabul Kahfi. “Gambaran Tokoh Walisongo dalam Babad Tanah Jawi.” Sabda: Jurnal Kajian Kebudayaan 14, no. 2 (n.d.).
Faruk. Pengantar Sosiologi Sastera: Dari Strukturalisme Genetik Sampai Post-Modernisme. Pustaka Pelajar, 1999.
Florida, Nancy. “Writing Traditions in Colonial Java: The Question of Islam.” Cultures of Scholarship, 1997.
Florida, Nancy K. Writing the Past, Inscribing the Future. Duke University Press, 1995.
Iswanto, Agus. “Teologi Lingkungan Ranggawarsita: Kajian Terhadap Teks-Teks Zaman Edan.” AKADEMIKA 19, no. 02 (2014).
Kartodirdjo, Sartono. The Peasants’ Revolt of Banten in 1888. Brill, 1966.
Kasdi, Aminuddin. Perlawanan Penguasa Madura Atas Hegemoni Jawa: Relasi Pusat-Daerah Pada Periode Akhir Mataram, 1726-1745. Jendela, 2003.
Katsir, Ibnu. “Qishash Al-Anbiya’, Terj.” M. Abdul Ghafar, Jakarta: Pustaka Azzam, 2007.
Lizzio, Ken. “Ritual and Charisma in Naqshbandi Sufi Mysticism.” Anpere. Net 1 (2007).
Maharsi, Maharsi. “Potret Islam Di Kasultanan Yogyakarta Abad XVIII: Kajian Terhadap Penulis Naskah Babad Kraton.” Jurnal Lektur Keagamaan 15, no. 1 (2017).
Manshur, Fadlil Munawwar. “Kajian Teori Formalisme Dan Strukturalisme.” SASDAYA: Gadjah Mada Journal of Humanities 3, no. 1 (2019).
Marsono. Akulturasi Islam Dalam Budaya Jawa: Analisis Semiotik Teks Lokajaya Dalam LOr. 11.629. Gadjah Mada University Press, 2019.
Marsono, Marsono. “Akulturasi Penyebutan Konsepsi Tuhan Pada Teks Sastra Suluk.” Jumantara: Jurnal Manuskrip Nusantara 2, no. 1 (2011).
Muhadiyatiningsih, Siti Nurlaili, and Siti Fathonah. “Dimensi Estetika Dan Identitas Budaya Dalam Bangunan Keraton Surakarta.” FIKRAH 8, no. 1 (2020).
Mulder, Niels. Mistisisme Jawa. LKIS Pelangi Aksara, 2001.
Muljana, Slamet. Runtuhnya Kerajaan Hindu-Jawa Dan Timbulnya Negara-Negara Islam Di Nusantara. LKiS Pelangi Aksara, 2005.
Nasrudin, Nasrudin. “Suluk as Social Piety: Phenomenological Studies at the Naqsabandiyah Khalidiyah Sufi Order in Sokaraja Banyumas.” IBDA: Jurnal Kajian Islam Dan Budaya 19, no. 2 (2021).
Nawafi, Ahmad Yuzki Faridian. “Titik Temu Mistisisme Islam Dan Mistisisme Jawa; Studi Analitis Terhadap Persinggungan Ajaran Tasawuf Dan Kejawen.” Jurnal Intelektual: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Studi Keislaman 10, no. 2 (2020).
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Poerbatjaraka, Poerbatjaraka. Kepustakaan Djawi. Djakarta: Djambatan, 1964.
Pratikno, Hari. “Etnomatematika Pada Bregada Prajurit Keraton Yogyakarta,” 2018.
Ras, J. “The Genesis of the Babad Tanah Jawi: Origin and Function of the Javanese Court Chronicle.” Bijdragen Tot de Taal-, Land-En Volkenkunde 2, no. 3de Afl (1987).
Ricklefs, Merle C. “Rediscovering Islam in Javanese History.” Studia Islamika 21, no. 3 (2014).
Ricklefs, Merle Calvin. “A Consideration of Three Versions of the Babad Tanah Djawi with Excerpts on the Fall of Madjapahit.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 35, no. 2 (1973).
———. “Babad Giyanti: Sumber Sejarah Dan Karya Agung Sastra Jawa.” Jumantara: Jurnal Manuskrip Nusantara 5, no. 2 (2014).
———. Jogjakarta under Sultan Mangkubumi, 1749-1792: A History of the Division of Java (Vol. 1). USA: Oxford University Press, 1974.
———. “The Yasadipura Problem. Bijdragen Tot de Taal.” Land-En Volkenkunde 2de Afl (1997).
Riyadi, M Irfan. “Arah Perkembangan Ajaran Theosofi Islam Dalam Literatur Sastra Pujangga Jawa (Pendekatan Genealogi).” Jurnal Dialogia, Jurnal Studi Islam Dan Sosial IAIN Ponorogo 10, no. 2 (2012).
———. “Tarekat Sebagai Organisasi Tasawuf (Melacak Peran Tarekat Dalam Perkembangan Dakwah Islamiyah).” At-Taqaddum 6, no. 2 (2016).
Riyadi, Muhammad Irfan. “Kontroversi Theosofi Islam Jawa Dalam Manuskrip Kapujanggan.” Al-Tahrir: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam 13, no. 1 (2013).
Sasrasumarta, R, R Sastrawaluya, and Y Yasapuraya. Tus Pajang: Pangetan Lalampahanipun Swargi Raden Ngabei Yasadipura I, Abdi-Dalem Kaliwon Pujongga Ing Surakarta Adiningrat. Surakarta: Yayasan Sastra Lestari/Boedi Oetoma, 2012.
Simuh. Sufisme Jawa: Transformasi Tasawuf Islam Ke Mistik Jawa. Yayasan Bentang Budaya, 1995.
Simuh, Mistik Islam Kejawen Raden Ngabehi. “Ranggawarsita: Suatu Studi Terhadap Serat Wirid Hidayat Jati.” Yogyakarta: IAIN Sunan Kalijaga, 1983.
Soebardi, S. The Book of Cabolèk: A Critical Edition with Introduction, Translation, and Notes: A Contribution to the Study of the Javanese Mystical Tradition (Vol. 10). The Hague: Nijhoff, 1975.
Stange, Paul. “Javanism as Text or Praxis,” 6:237–55. Taylor & Francis, 1990.
Syahputra, Afrizal El-Adzim. “Sufisme Dalam Hindu Dan Islam.” Jurnal Ilmiah Spiritualis: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam Dan Tasawuf 4, no. 1 (2018).
Van Bruinessen, Martin. “Najmuddin Al-Kubra, Jumadil Kubra and Jamaluddin al-Akbar: Traces of Kubrawiyya Influence in Early Indonesian Islam.” Bijdragen Tot de Taal-, Land-En Volkenkunde, no. 2de Afl (1994).
Wain, Alexander. “The Kubrawī and Early Javanese Islam: Re-Assessing the Significance of a 16th-Century Kubrawī Silsila in the Sejarah Banten Ranté-Ranté.” Indonesia and the Malay World 49, no. 143 (2021).
Wessing, Robert. “Porous Boundaries: Addressing Calamities in East Java, Indonesia.” Bijdragen Tot de Taal-, Land-En Volkenkunde/Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 166, no. 1 (2010).
Wieringa, E P. “An Old Text Brought to Life Again”, Bijdragen Tot de Taal.” Land-En Volkenkunde 155, no. 2 (1999).
Yasadipura I, Radèn Nabèhi. Babad Giyanti (Jilid I). Vol. I. Batawi Sèntrêm: Bale Pustaka, 1937.
———. Babad Giyanti (Jilid II). Vol. II. Batawi Sèntrêm: Bale Pustaka, 1937.
———. Babad Tanah Jawi (Jilid 1): Nyariyosakên Sajarah Wiwit Saking Nabi Adam Dumugi Para Dewa, Lajêng Para Ratu Ing Tanah Jawi Wiwit Saking Bathara Brama Sarta Bathara Wisnu Dumugi Nagari Pajajaran, Tuwin Madêgipun Nagari Majapait. Vol. 1. Batawi Sèntrêm: Bale Pustaka, 1939.
———. Babad Tanah Jawi (Jilid 2): Nyariyosakên Nagari Majapait Wiwit Dhatêngipun Agami Islam Tuwin Lairipun Radèn Bondhan Kajawan Lan Jaka Tarub. Vol. 2. Batawi Sèntrêm: Bale Pustaka, 1939.
———. Babad Tanah Jawi (Jilid 3): Nyariyosakên Risakipun Nagari Majapait Lan Adêgipun Karajan Islam Ing Dêmak, Tuwin Lairipun Jaka Tingkir Dumugi Suwitanipun Dhatêng Sultan Dêmak. Vol. 3. Batawi Sèntrêm: Bale Pustaka, 1939.
———. Babad Tanah Jawi (Jilid 4): Nyariyosakên Risakipun Nagari Dêmak, Madêgipun Karaton Ing Pajang, Tuwin Rêjanipun Bumi Ing Mataram. Vol. 4. Batawi Sèntrêm: Bale Pustaka, 1939.
———. Babad Tanah Jawi (Jilid 5): Panêmbahan Senapati Tata-Tata Ngayati Sêdyanipun Murih Sagêdipun Mêngkoni Tanah Jawi. Vol. 5. Batawi Sèntrêm: Bale Pustaka, 1939.
Zoetmulder, Petrus Josephus. Kalangwan; A Survey of Old Javanese Literature. Vol. 16. Martinus Nijhoff, 1974.
———. Pantheism and Monism in Javanese Suluk Literature: Islamic and Indian Mysticism in an Indonesian Setting. Vol. 24. Koninklyk Instituut Voor Taal Land, 1995.
Zuhriyah, Lailatuzz. “Kosmologi Islam Kasultanan Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat.” Teosofi: Jurnal Tasawuf Dan Pemikiran Islam 3, no. 1 (2013).
Afifi, Irfan. Jawa-Islam Di Masa Kolonial: Suluk, Santri, and Pujangga Jawa. Yogyakarta: Buku Langgar, 2020.
Bogaerts, Els. “The Installation of Prince Mangkubumi Performing Javanese History.” Wacana 17, no. 3 (2017).
Day, Anthony. “Babad Kandha, Babad Kraton and Variation in Modern Javanese Literature.” Bijdragen Tot de Taal-, Land-En Volkenkunde 4de Afl (1978).
Diandini, Ainun Haerda, Ahmad Mujib, and Choeroni Choeroni. “Akulturasi Islam Dan Budaya Jawa Pada Masa Kekuasaan Sultan Agung Di Kerajaan Mataram Islam.” Prosiding Konstelasi Ilmiah Mahasiswa Unissula (KIMU) Klaster Humanoira, 2022.
Fanani, Ahwan, and Ashabul Kahfi. “Gambaran Tokoh Walisongo dalam Babad Tanah Jawi.” Sabda: Jurnal Kajian Kebudayaan 14, no. 2 (n.d.).
Faruk. Pengantar Sosiologi Sastera: Dari Strukturalisme Genetik Sampai Post-Modernisme. Pustaka Pelajar, 1999.
Florida, Nancy. “Writing Traditions in Colonial Java: The Question of Islam.” Cultures of Scholarship, 1997.
Florida, Nancy K. Writing the Past, Inscribing the Future. Duke University Press, 1995.
Iswanto, Agus. “Teologi Lingkungan Ranggawarsita: Kajian Terhadap Teks-Teks Zaman Edan.” AKADEMIKA 19, no. 02 (2014).
Kartodirdjo, Sartono. The Peasants’ Revolt of Banten in 1888. Brill, 1966.
Kasdi, Aminuddin. Perlawanan Penguasa Madura Atas Hegemoni Jawa: Relasi Pusat-Daerah Pada Periode Akhir Mataram, 1726-1745. Jendela, 2003.
Katsir, Ibnu. “Qishash Al-Anbiya’, Terj.” M. Abdul Ghafar, Jakarta: Pustaka Azzam, 2007.
Lizzio, Ken. “Ritual and Charisma in Naqshbandi Sufi Mysticism.” Anpere. Net 1 (2007).
Maharsi, Maharsi. “Potret Islam Di Kasultanan Yogyakarta Abad XVIII: Kajian Terhadap Penulis Naskah Babad Kraton.” Jurnal Lektur Keagamaan 15, no. 1 (2017).
Manshur, Fadlil Munawwar. “Kajian Teori Formalisme Dan Strukturalisme.” SASDAYA: Gadjah Mada Journal of Humanities 3, no. 1 (2019).
Marsono. Akulturasi Islam Dalam Budaya Jawa: Analisis Semiotik Teks Lokajaya Dalam LOr. 11.629. Gadjah Mada University Press, 2019.
Marsono, Marsono. “Akulturasi Penyebutan Konsepsi Tuhan Pada Teks Sastra Suluk.” Jumantara: Jurnal Manuskrip Nusantara 2, no. 1 (2011).
Muhadiyatiningsih, Siti Nurlaili, and Siti Fathonah. “Dimensi Estetika Dan Identitas Budaya Dalam Bangunan Keraton Surakarta.” FIKRAH 8, no. 1 (2020).
Mulder, Niels. Mistisisme Jawa. LKIS Pelangi Aksara, 2001.
Muljana, Slamet. Runtuhnya Kerajaan Hindu-Jawa Dan Timbulnya Negara-Negara Islam Di Nusantara. LKiS Pelangi Aksara, 2005.
Nasrudin, Nasrudin. “Suluk as Social Piety: Phenomenological Studies at the Naqsabandiyah Khalidiyah Sufi Order in Sokaraja Banyumas.” IBDA: Jurnal Kajian Islam Dan Budaya 19, no. 2 (2021).
Nawafi, Ahmad Yuzki Faridian. “Titik Temu Mistisisme Islam Dan Mistisisme Jawa; Studi Analitis Terhadap Persinggungan Ajaran Tasawuf Dan Kejawen.” Jurnal Intelektual: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Studi Keislaman 10, no. 2 (2020).
Peacock, Andrew C S. Islamisation: Comparative Perspectives from History. Edinburgh University Press, 2017.
Poerbatjaraka, Poerbatjaraka. Kepustakaan Djawi. Djakarta: Djambatan, 1964.
Pratikno, Hari. “Etnomatematika Pada Bregada Prajurit Keraton Yogyakarta,” 2018.
Ras, J. “The Genesis of the Babad Tanah Jawi: Origin and Function of the Javanese Court Chronicle.” Bijdragen Tot de Taal-, Land-En Volkenkunde 2, no. 3de Afl (1987).
Ricklefs, Merle C. “Rediscovering Islam in Javanese History.” Studia Islamika 21, no. 3 (2014).
Ricklefs, Merle Calvin. “A Consideration of Three Versions of the Babad Tanah Djawi with Excerpts on the Fall of Madjapahit.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 35, no. 2 (1973).
———. “Babad Giyanti: Sumber Sejarah Dan Karya Agung Sastra Jawa.” Jumantara: Jurnal Manuskrip Nusantara 5, no. 2 (2014).
———. Jogjakarta under Sultan Mangkubumi, 1749-1792: A History of the Division of Java (Vol. 1). USA: Oxford University Press, 1974.
———. “The Yasadipura Problem. Bijdragen Tot de Taal.” Land-En Volkenkunde 2de Afl (1997).
Riyadi, M Irfan. “Arah Perkembangan Ajaran Theosofi Islam Dalam Literatur Sastra Pujangga Jawa (Pendekatan Genealogi).” Jurnal Dialogia, Jurnal Studi Islam Dan Sosial IAIN Ponorogo 10, no. 2 (2012).
———. “Tarekat Sebagai Organisasi Tasawuf (Melacak Peran Tarekat Dalam Perkembangan Dakwah Islamiyah).” At-Taqaddum 6, no. 2 (2016).
Riyadi, Muhammad Irfan. “Kontroversi Theosofi Islam Jawa Dalam Manuskrip Kapujanggan.” Al-Tahrir: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam 13, no. 1 (2013).
Sasrasumarta, R, R Sastrawaluya, and Y Yasapuraya. Tus Pajang: Pangetan Lalampahanipun Swargi Raden Ngabei Yasadipura I, Abdi-Dalem Kaliwon Pujongga Ing Surakarta Adiningrat. Surakarta: Yayasan Sastra Lestari/Boedi Oetoma, 2012.
Simuh. Sufisme Jawa: Transformasi Tasawuf Islam Ke Mistik Jawa. Yayasan Bentang Budaya, 1995.
Simuh, Mistik Islam Kejawen Raden Ngabehi. “Ranggawarsita: Suatu Studi Terhadap Serat Wirid Hidayat Jati.” Yogyakarta: IAIN Sunan Kalijaga, 1983.
Soebardi, S. The Book of Cabolèk: A Critical Edition with Introduction, Translation, and Notes: A Contribution to the Study of the Javanese Mystical Tradition (Vol. 10). The Hague: Nijhoff, 1975.
Stange, Paul. “Javanism as Text or Praxis,” 6:237–55. Taylor & Francis, 1990.
Syahputra, Afrizal El-Adzim. “Sufisme Dalam Hindu Dan Islam.” Jurnal Ilmiah Spiritualis: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam Dan Tasawuf 4, no. 1 (2018).
Van Bruinessen, Martin. “Najmuddin Al-Kubra, Jumadil Kubra and Jamaluddin al-Akbar: Traces of Kubrawiyya Influence in Early Indonesian Islam.” Bijdragen Tot de Taal-, Land-En Volkenkunde, no. 2de Afl (1994).
Wain, Alexander. “The Kubrawī and Early Javanese Islam: Re-Assessing the Significance of a 16th-Century Kubrawī Silsila in the Sejarah Banten Ranté-Ranté.” Indonesia and the Malay World 49, no. 143 (2021).
Wessing, Robert. “Porous Boundaries: Addressing Calamities in East Java, Indonesia.” Bijdragen Tot de Taal-, Land-En Volkenkunde/Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 166, no. 1 (2010).
Wieringa, E P. “An Old Text Brought to Life Again”, Bijdragen Tot de Taal.” Land-En Volkenkunde 155, no. 2 (1999).
Yasadipura I, Radèn Nabèhi. Babad Giyanti (Jilid I). Vol. I. Batawi Sèntrêm: Bale Pustaka, 1937.
———. Babad Giyanti (Jilid II). Vol. II. Batawi Sèntrêm: Bale Pustaka, 1937.
———. Babad Tanah Jawi (Jilid 1): Nyariyosakên Sajarah Wiwit Saking Nabi Adam Dumugi Para Dewa, Lajêng Para Ratu Ing Tanah Jawi Wiwit Saking Bathara Brama Sarta Bathara Wisnu Dumugi Nagari Pajajaran, Tuwin Madêgipun Nagari Majapait. Vol. 1. Batawi Sèntrêm: Bale Pustaka, 1939.
———. Babad Tanah Jawi (Jilid 2): Nyariyosakên Nagari Majapait Wiwit Dhatêngipun Agami Islam Tuwin Lairipun Radèn Bondhan Kajawan Lan Jaka Tarub. Vol. 2. Batawi Sèntrêm: Bale Pustaka, 1939.
———. Babad Tanah Jawi (Jilid 3): Nyariyosakên Risakipun Nagari Majapait Lan Adêgipun Karajan Islam Ing Dêmak, Tuwin Lairipun Jaka Tingkir Dumugi Suwitanipun Dhatêng Sultan Dêmak. Vol. 3. Batawi Sèntrêm: Bale Pustaka, 1939.
———. Babad Tanah Jawi (Jilid 4): Nyariyosakên Risakipun Nagari Dêmak, Madêgipun Karaton Ing Pajang, Tuwin Rêjanipun Bumi Ing Mataram. Vol. 4. Batawi Sèntrêm: Bale Pustaka, 1939.
———. Babad Tanah Jawi (Jilid 5): Panêmbahan Senapati Tata-Tata Ngayati Sêdyanipun Murih Sagêdipun Mêngkoni Tanah Jawi. Vol. 5. Batawi Sèntrêm: Bale Pustaka, 1939.
Zoetmulder, Petrus Josephus. Kalangwan; A Survey of Old Javanese Literature. Vol. 16. Martinus Nijhoff, 1974.
———. Pantheism and Monism in Javanese Suluk Literature: Islamic and Indian Mysticism in an Indonesian Setting. Vol. 24. Koninklyk Instituut Voor Taal Land, 1995.
Zuhriyah, Lailatuzz. “Kosmologi Islam Kasultanan Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat.” Teosofi: Jurnal Tasawuf Dan Pemikiran Islam 3, no. 1 (2013).
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