The Hierarchychal Leadership in Sufi Order: Duties and Positions of Imam Khususi
Main Article Content
Keywords
Hierarchical leadership, Imam Khususi, Tariqa Qadiriyah wa Naqsyabandiyah
Abstract
This article elaborates on the hierarchy in Tariqa Qadiriyahwa Naqsyabandiyah al-Usmaniyah (TQN al-Usmaniyah) in Kedinding, Surabaya. This study investigates the history, task, and position of Imam Khususi. Besides, this article also explores the similarity and differences between Imam Khususi in various Tariqa of TQN of various terms. The significance of this study deals with the term Imam Khususi as one of the positions of a leader in the hierarchy in TQN turns out to be strange for other TQN orders, especially for TQN Mranggen and TQN Magelang. The findings of this study describe that (1) the term Imam Khususi as one of the positions in hierarchical leadership in TQN was first introduced by KH. ‘Utsman, (2) the position of Imam Khususi is between murshid and murid, and the task is to help murshid in leading Majelis Khususiyah, and (3) Imam Khususi has a similar position as caliph sugra in TQN Mranggen dan it is also similar as badal in TQN Berjan or many others TQN which get irsyad license from TQN Mranggen.
References
Abdul Qadir al-Jailani. Al-Ghunyah Li Talibi Tariq al-Haq ’Azza Wa Jalla Juz 2. Beirut: Dal al-Jail, 1999.
Achmad Asrori al-Ishaqy. Al-Muntakhabat Fi Rabitati al- Qalbiyah Wa Silati al-Ruhiyah al-Juz’u al-Rabi’. Surabaya: Al-Khidmah, 2009.
Achmad Asrori al-Ishaqy. Tuntunan Dan Bimbingan: Pedoman Kepemimpinan Dan Kepengurusan Dalam Kegiatan Dan ’Amaliyah Ath Thoriqoh Dan Al-Khidmah. Surabaya: Al-Khidmah, 2014.
Adam Zeidan. “Imam Definition, Concept, History, & Meaning.” Encyclopedia Britannica. Accessed August 25, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/topic/imam.
Ahmad Hasan Afandi. Kontroversi Politik Kyai Tarekat: Studi Pergeseran Orientasi Politik Kyai Tarekat Qodiriyah Wa Naqsyabandiyah. Surabaya: Scopindo Media Pustaka, 2020.
Ahmad Ja’farul Musadad. Murshid Tarekat Nusantara: Biografi, Jaringan, Dan Kisah Teladan. Yogyakarta: Global Press, 2021.
Ahmad Warson Munawir. Al-Munawir: Kamus Arab-Indonesia. 14th ed. Surabaya: Pustaka Progresif, 1997.
Aly Mashar. “Genealogi Dan Penyebaran Tariqa Qadiriyahwa Naqsyabandiyah Di Jawa.” Al-A’raf XIII, no. No. 2 (2016).
Amir Al-Najjar. Al-Turuq al-S{ufiyah Fi Mishr. Kairo: Maktabah Anjlu al-Mishriyyah, tt.
Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa Kemdikbud. Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Online.”
Dadang Rahmad. Tarekat Dalam Islam: Spiritualitas Masyarakat Modern. Bandung: Pustaka Setia, 2002.
Endang Turmudzi. Struggling for The Ulama: Changing Leadership Roles of Kiai in Jombang East Java. UNU: E Press, 2006.
Frischer Frank. Handbook of Public Policy, Analysis Theory, Politics, and Methods. London & New York: CRC Press, 2007.
Gunawan Anjar Sukmana. “Hierarki Tarekat Qadiriyah Naqsyabandiyah Suryalaya Relasi Dan Fungsi Struktur Nilai Pranata TQN.” In Tarekat Qadiriyah Naqsyabandiyah Studi Etnografi Tarekat Sufi Di Indonesia. Sleman: Deepublish, 2015.
Harun Nasution. Islam Rasional. Bandung: Mizan, 1996.
J. Spencer Trimingham. The Sufi Orders in Islam. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1971.
Kesepakatan Rapat Kerja Nasional III Jama’ah al-Khidmah Indonesia. “Lima Pilar Utama Soko Guru Tuntunan Dan Bimbingan Hadhrotusy Syaikh Achmad Asrori Al-Ishaqy, RA.” Al-Khidmah, September 5, 2009.
Kharisudin Aqib. Al-Hikmah: Memahami Teosofi Tarekat Qadiriyahwa Naqsyabandiyah. Surabaya: Bina Ilmu, 2000.
Khatib Sambas. Fath Al-’Arifin. tt: Khanaqah Khaliliyah Nadsyabandiyah Mujaddidiyah, th.
Louwis Bin Naqula Dhahir Al-Ma’luf. Al Munjid Fi Al-Lughah Wa Al-A’lam. Beirut: Dar al-Masyriq, 2007.
Ma’mun Mu’min. “Sejarah Tarekat Qodiriyah Wan Naqsabandiyah Piji Kudus.” Fikrah 2, no. No. 1 (June 2014).
Martin van Bruinessen. Kitab Kuning: Pesantren Dan Tarekat. Bandung: Mizan, 1995.
Martin van Bruinessen. “Shari’a Court, Tarekat and Pesantren: Religious Institutions in the Banten Sultanate.” Archipel 50 (1995).
Martin van Bruinessen. Tarekat Naqsyabandiyah Di Indonesia. Bandung: Mizan, 1996.
Muhammad ibn Abdillah ibn Malik. Taqrirat Alfiyah Ibn Malik Fi Al-Nahwi Wa al-Sharfi Jilid 2. Kediri: Madrasah Hidayatul Mubatadi’in Lirboyo, 2004.
Noer Iskandar Barsany. Tasawuf, Tarekat, Dan Para Sufi. Jakarta: Srigunting, 2001.
Nur Syam dan Suko Susilo. Jejak Politik Lokal Kaum Tarekat. Surabaya: Jenggala Pustaka Utama, 2020.
Rido Kurnianto. “Kajian Simbol Kupu-Kupu Terbang Ke Langit Pada Tarekat Qadiriyah Naqsyabandiyah Tasikmalaya.” Maraji’: Jurnal Studi Keislaman 2, no. 2 (March 2016)
Rosidi. “Konsep Maqamat Dalam Tradisi Sufistik KH. Ahmad Asrori Al-Ishaqy.” Teosofi: Jurnal Tasawuf Dan Pemikiran Islamn 4, no. No. 1 (June 2014).
Sokhi Huda. Tasawuf Kultural: Fenomena Shalawat Wahidiyah. Yogyakarta: LKiS, 2008.
Sri Mulyati. Mengenal Dan Memahami Tarekat Tarekat Muktabarah Di Indonesia. Jakarta: Kencana, 2006.
Sri Mulyati. Tasawuf Nusantara: Rangkaian Mutiara Sufi Terkemuka. Jakarta: Kencana, 2006.
Tim PP An-Nawawi. Mengenal KH. Nawawi Berjan Purworejo. Surabaya: Khalista, 2008.
Y. H. Kim, F.J. Sting, & C.H. Loch. “Top-Down, Bottom-Up, or Both? Toward an Integrative Perspective on Operations Strategy Formation.” Journal of Operations Management 32, no. 7 (2014).
Yon Machmudi. “Kepemimpinan Murshid Dalam Tarekat Qadiriyah Wan Naqsyabandiyah Di Rejoso, Jombang, Jawa Timur.” Skripsi, Universitas Indonesia, 1997.
Zamakhsyari Dhofier. Tradisi Pesantren: Studi Tentang Pandangan Hidup Kyai. Jakarta: LP3ES, 1994.
Ziaulhaq Hidayat. Tarekat Naqsyabandiyah Khalidiyah Babussalam (TNKB): Dari Doktrin, Seni Hingga Arsitektur. Jakarta: LSIP, 2015.
Zulkifli. Sufism in Java: The Role of Pesantren in The Maintenance of Sufism in Java. Jakarta: INIS, 2002.
Achmad Asrori al-Ishaqy. Al-Muntakhabat Fi Rabitati al- Qalbiyah Wa Silati al-Ruhiyah al-Juz’u al-Rabi’. Surabaya: Al-Khidmah, 2009.
Achmad Asrori al-Ishaqy. Tuntunan Dan Bimbingan: Pedoman Kepemimpinan Dan Kepengurusan Dalam Kegiatan Dan ’Amaliyah Ath Thoriqoh Dan Al-Khidmah. Surabaya: Al-Khidmah, 2014.
Adam Zeidan. “Imam Definition, Concept, History, & Meaning.” Encyclopedia Britannica. Accessed August 25, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/topic/imam.
Ahmad Hasan Afandi. Kontroversi Politik Kyai Tarekat: Studi Pergeseran Orientasi Politik Kyai Tarekat Qodiriyah Wa Naqsyabandiyah. Surabaya: Scopindo Media Pustaka, 2020.
Ahmad Ja’farul Musadad. Murshid Tarekat Nusantara: Biografi, Jaringan, Dan Kisah Teladan. Yogyakarta: Global Press, 2021.
Ahmad Warson Munawir. Al-Munawir: Kamus Arab-Indonesia. 14th ed. Surabaya: Pustaka Progresif, 1997.
Aly Mashar. “Genealogi Dan Penyebaran Tariqa Qadiriyahwa Naqsyabandiyah Di Jawa.” Al-A’raf XIII, no. No. 2 (2016).
Amir Al-Najjar. Al-Turuq al-S{ufiyah Fi Mishr. Kairo: Maktabah Anjlu al-Mishriyyah, tt.
Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa Kemdikbud. Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Online.”
Dadang Rahmad. Tarekat Dalam Islam: Spiritualitas Masyarakat Modern. Bandung: Pustaka Setia, 2002.
Endang Turmudzi. Struggling for The Ulama: Changing Leadership Roles of Kiai in Jombang East Java. UNU: E Press, 2006.
Frischer Frank. Handbook of Public Policy, Analysis Theory, Politics, and Methods. London & New York: CRC Press, 2007.
Gunawan Anjar Sukmana. “Hierarki Tarekat Qadiriyah Naqsyabandiyah Suryalaya Relasi Dan Fungsi Struktur Nilai Pranata TQN.” In Tarekat Qadiriyah Naqsyabandiyah Studi Etnografi Tarekat Sufi Di Indonesia. Sleman: Deepublish, 2015.
Harun Nasution. Islam Rasional. Bandung: Mizan, 1996.
J. Spencer Trimingham. The Sufi Orders in Islam. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1971.
Kesepakatan Rapat Kerja Nasional III Jama’ah al-Khidmah Indonesia. “Lima Pilar Utama Soko Guru Tuntunan Dan Bimbingan Hadhrotusy Syaikh Achmad Asrori Al-Ishaqy, RA.” Al-Khidmah, September 5, 2009.
Kharisudin Aqib. Al-Hikmah: Memahami Teosofi Tarekat Qadiriyahwa Naqsyabandiyah. Surabaya: Bina Ilmu, 2000.
Khatib Sambas. Fath Al-’Arifin. tt: Khanaqah Khaliliyah Nadsyabandiyah Mujaddidiyah, th.
Louwis Bin Naqula Dhahir Al-Ma’luf. Al Munjid Fi Al-Lughah Wa Al-A’lam. Beirut: Dar al-Masyriq, 2007.
Ma’mun Mu’min. “Sejarah Tarekat Qodiriyah Wan Naqsabandiyah Piji Kudus.” Fikrah 2, no. No. 1 (June 2014).
Martin van Bruinessen. Kitab Kuning: Pesantren Dan Tarekat. Bandung: Mizan, 1995.
Martin van Bruinessen. “Shari’a Court, Tarekat and Pesantren: Religious Institutions in the Banten Sultanate.” Archipel 50 (1995).
Martin van Bruinessen. Tarekat Naqsyabandiyah Di Indonesia. Bandung: Mizan, 1996.
Muhammad ibn Abdillah ibn Malik. Taqrirat Alfiyah Ibn Malik Fi Al-Nahwi Wa al-Sharfi Jilid 2. Kediri: Madrasah Hidayatul Mubatadi’in Lirboyo, 2004.
Noer Iskandar Barsany. Tasawuf, Tarekat, Dan Para Sufi. Jakarta: Srigunting, 2001.
Nur Syam dan Suko Susilo. Jejak Politik Lokal Kaum Tarekat. Surabaya: Jenggala Pustaka Utama, 2020.
Rido Kurnianto. “Kajian Simbol Kupu-Kupu Terbang Ke Langit Pada Tarekat Qadiriyah Naqsyabandiyah Tasikmalaya.” Maraji’: Jurnal Studi Keislaman 2, no. 2 (March 2016)
Rosidi. “Konsep Maqamat Dalam Tradisi Sufistik KH. Ahmad Asrori Al-Ishaqy.” Teosofi: Jurnal Tasawuf Dan Pemikiran Islamn 4, no. No. 1 (June 2014).
Sokhi Huda. Tasawuf Kultural: Fenomena Shalawat Wahidiyah. Yogyakarta: LKiS, 2008.
Sri Mulyati. Mengenal Dan Memahami Tarekat Tarekat Muktabarah Di Indonesia. Jakarta: Kencana, 2006.
Sri Mulyati. Tasawuf Nusantara: Rangkaian Mutiara Sufi Terkemuka. Jakarta: Kencana, 2006.
Tim PP An-Nawawi. Mengenal KH. Nawawi Berjan Purworejo. Surabaya: Khalista, 2008.
Y. H. Kim, F.J. Sting, & C.H. Loch. “Top-Down, Bottom-Up, or Both? Toward an Integrative Perspective on Operations Strategy Formation.” Journal of Operations Management 32, no. 7 (2014).
Yon Machmudi. “Kepemimpinan Murshid Dalam Tarekat Qadiriyah Wan Naqsyabandiyah Di Rejoso, Jombang, Jawa Timur.” Skripsi, Universitas Indonesia, 1997.
Zamakhsyari Dhofier. Tradisi Pesantren: Studi Tentang Pandangan Hidup Kyai. Jakarta: LP3ES, 1994.
Ziaulhaq Hidayat. Tarekat Naqsyabandiyah Khalidiyah Babussalam (TNKB): Dari Doktrin, Seni Hingga Arsitektur. Jakarta: LSIP, 2015.
Zulkifli. Sufism in Java: The Role of Pesantren in The Maintenance of Sufism in Java. Jakarta: INIS, 2002.
Article Sidebar
Published
Jan 31, 2023
Article Details
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.