Niqabi Women and Catcalling: A Phenomenological Study of Sexual Harassment Towards Niqabi in Surakarta

Dinda Angela  Dinanti; Yuyun Sunesti

doi:10.22515/dinika.v8i2.7809

Authors

Dinda Angela Dinanti Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta, Indonesia
Yuyun Sunesti Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22515/dinika.v8i2.7809

Keywords:

Catcalling , Sexual Harassment, Niqab, Niqabi

Abstract

Catcalling is a form of sexual harassment involving the use of indecent language towards victims, typically women. While it is commonly assumed that catcalling targets female victims based on the exposure of certain body parts, it is noteworthy that women, even those who wear modest clothing or even a niqab, also experience catcalling. This article delves into the phenomenon of catcalling as experienced by niqabi. Data for this study were generated through field research conducted in Surakarta, utilizing in-depth interviews with ten niqabis of various ages and educational backgrounds. Employing a phenomenological approach and applying Blumer's theory of symbolic interactionism, the study reveals diverse causes, forms, and impacts of catcalling on women who wear the niqab. Despite facing catcalling, these niqabis employ both active and passive strategies to protect themselves. This research sheds light on the multifaceted aspects of catcalling experienced by women who choose to wear the niqab. This article contributes to the discussion on the issue of sexual harassment against women and the study of the dynamics of niqabi women.

References

Blumer, H. (1969). Symbolic Interactionsm: Perspective and Method. Inggris: Prentice Hall.

Dwiyanti, F. (2014). Pelecehan Seksual Pada Perempuan Di Tempat Kerja (Studi Kasus Kantor Satpol PP Provinsi Dki Jakarta). Indonesian Journal of Criminology, 10(1): 29-36. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/298620269.pdf

Farisa, F. C. (2019). Survei KRPA: Perempuan 13 kali lebih rentan alami pelecehan seksual di ruang publik. Kompas.Com. https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2 019/11/27/13414591/survei-krpaperempuan-13-kali-lebih-rentanalami-pelecehan-seksual-diruang?page=all

Halim, E. J. (2021). Direction of Regulating Catcall Actions in Law: Comparison of Indonesia and France Law. Lex Scientia Law Review. Vol 5 No 1: 63-82. https://doi.org/10.15294/lesrev.v5i1.46376

Hardiman, F. M., and Saefudin, Y. (2023). Pertanggungjawaban Pelaku Tindak Pindana Pelecehan Seksual Secara Verbal Terhadap Perempuan di Muka Umum. Amerta Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora, 3(1): 33–40. https://ejournal.amertamedia.co.id/index.php/amerta/article/view/134

Hidayat, B., Hesti, Y., and Fauzi,F. (2021). Juridical Analysis of the Impact of Catcalling o Women and Sanctions for Catcalling Actors in Indonesia. Pranata Hukum, 16(01):26-32. DOI:10.36448/pranatahukum.v16i01.238

Kearl, H. (2014). Unsafe and Harassed in Public Spaces: A National Street Harassment Report. Stop Street Harassment. Reston, Virginia, Spring. https://stopstreetharassment.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/2014-National-SSH-Street-Harassment-Report.pdf

Komnas Perempuan. (n.d.). 15 Bentuk Kekerasan Seksual: Sebuah Pengenalan. www.komnasperempuan.or.id. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1jtyyAgVsjO0O7bRUqE00zWM_pzADMEs8/view

Liyani, W. and Hanum, F. (2020). Street Harrasment: Catcalling Sebagai Salah Satu Bentuk Pelecehan Seksual Terhadap Perempuan di Yogyakarta. E-Societies: Jurnal Pendidikan Sosiologi, Vol 9, No 3: 1-27. https://journal.student.uny.ac.id/index.php/societas/article/view/17117

Macmillan, R., Nierobisz, A., & Welsh, S. (2000). Experiencing the Streets: Harassment and Perceptions of Safety among Women. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, Vol. 37, Issue 3, https://doi.org/10.1177/0022427800037003003

Mulianti, M. and Syukur, M. (n.d.). Fenomena Catcalling Terhadap Perempuan Berjilbab Studi Pada Mahasiswi (Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Dan Hukum Universitas Negeri Makassar). Pinisi Journal of Sociology Education Review 1, No. 2 (n.d.): 144–52.

Nugraha, A., and Zuhriah, Z. (2023). Interaksi sosial catcalling terhadap perempuan berpenampilan syar’i di kota Medan. Satwika: Kajian Ilmu Budaya Dan Perubahan Sosial, 7(1): 276–284. https://doi.org/10.22219/satwika.v7i1.25781

Pangestu, P. P. (2023). Gender, Women and Sexual Harassment: Critical Discourse Analysis in Social Prophetic Perspective: Gender, Perempuan dan Pelecehan Seksual: Analisis Wacana Kritis dalam Perspektif Profetik Sosial Kuntowijoyo. Journal of Gender Equality and Millennium Development, 1(1): 31–39. https://ejournal.aecindonesia.org/index.php/jgemd/article/view/53

Qila, S. Z., Azizah, F. and Rahmadina, R.N. (2021). Catcalling sebagai Bentuk Pelecehan Seksual Traumatis. Jurnal Mahasiswa Komunikasi CANTRIK, Vol. 1, No. 2, November, 2021, https://doi.org/10.20885/cantrik.vol1.iss2.art3

Rahman, N. (2019). Pelecehan Seksual Verbal Pada Mahasiswi Berjilbab (Studi Tentang Pemaknaan Pengalaman Pelecehan Seksual Verbal Bagi Mahasiswi Berjilbab di Kota Surabaya). Doctoral Dissertation. Universitas Airlangga.

Ramadhania, S.I. (2021). Pengalaman Mahasiswa Berhijab yang Mengalami Catcalling. Jurnal Penelitian Pers dan Komunikasi Pembangunan, Vol. 25 No. 2: 167-181. DOI 10.46426/jp2kp.v25i2.154

Ruangaman.org/Survei. (2019). Survei Pelecehan di Ruang Publik (2019). Koalisi Ruang Publik Aman. https://ruangaman.org/survei2019/

Salma, R., Madjid, A., and Aprilianda, N. (2023). Problems in the Regulation of Non-Physical Sexual Harassment in Indonesia and Its Implications. International Journal of Social Science Research and Review, 6(4), 177-184. https://doi.org/10.47814/ijssrr.v6i4.976

Sugiarto, E. (2015). Menyusun Proposal Penelitian Kualitatif Skripsi dan Tesis. Yogyakarta: Suaka Media

Tria, R. (2022). Cadar Dipandang Sebelah Mata, Pantaskah Mendapatkan Diskriminasi? Kumparan.com. 7 Januari. https://kumparan.com/rhefikha-tria-1641378828590635972/cadar-dipandang-sebelah-mata-pantaskah-mendapatkan-diskriminasi-1xFXFbLqAMK

Triwijati, E. (2020). Pelecehan Seksual: Tinjauan Psikologis. Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik, Vol. 20, No. 4. https://journal.unair.ac.id/MKP@pelecehan-seksual--tinjauan-psikologis-article-2161-media-15-category-8.html

Zumi, Z., and Marpuri, S. (2022). Catcalling sebagai Bentuk Pelecehan Seksual Secara Verbal Terhadap Perempuan di Sijunjung (Studi Kasus di Nagari Pematang Panjang). JSSHA ADPERTISI Journal, 2(2), 1–9. https://jurnal.adpertisi.or.id/index.php/JSSHHA/article/view/344

YAPHI. (2022). Data Kekerasan Terhadap Perempuan dan Anak, Pencegahan, dan Tantangan di Era Media Sosial. Suara Keadilan, 02 April, https://www.suarakeadilan.org/publikasi/36-suara-keadilan/218-data-kekerasan-terhadap-perempuan-dan-anak-pencegahan-dan-tantangan-di-era-media-sosial