MENANGGULANGI HOAKS DAN UJARAN KEBENCIAN BERMUATAN ISU SUKU, AGAMA, RAS, DAN ANTARGOLONGAN DI TAHUN POLITIK
Main Article Content
Keywords
hate speech, hoax, IAIN Surakarta, political year
Abstract
The big challenge of Indonesia in the political year (2018-2019) is the rise of hoax and expressions of hatred, especially with issues of ethnicity, religion, race and intergroup (SARA). Both of them have the potential to be a nation-dividing tool. Islamic Tertiary Institutions have the responsibility to reduce the spread of hoaxes and expressions of hatred, based on the Tri Dharma of Higher Education. This research illustrates the strategy of IAIN Surakarta to overcome SARA hoaxes and expressions of hatred issues in the political year. Theoretically, media literacy includes two things: individual competence consisting of technical skills and critical understanding, and social competence in communicative abilities. In conclusion, the effort to overcome hoaxes and hate speech by IAIN Surakarta is to build critical attitudes of students and the community through various activities, such as: seminars, discussions, community service based study programs, and collaboration with anti-hoax communities. In addition, IAIN Surakarta also strengthened religious moderation through several ways, such as lecturing in community, classroom teaching, and research. Thus, critical understanding and technical skills as aspects of media literacy can be developed.
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References
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Ash-Shiddieqy, T. M. Ha. (2009). Sejarah & Pengantar Ilmu Hadist. Semarang: Pustaka Rizki Putra.
Astuti, Y. D. (2017). Peperangan Generasi Digital Natives Melawan Digital Hoax Melalui Kompetisi Kreatif. Informasi, 47(2), 229–242. https://doi.org/10.21831/informasi.v47i2.16658
Aziz, I. (2018). Kejagung Eksekusi Pemred dan Redaktur Obor Rakyat. Retrieved August 26, 2018, from Tirto.id website: https://tirto.id/kejagung-eksekusi-pemred-dan-redaktur-obor-rakyat-cJ7h
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1986). Ecology of the Family as a Context for Human Development. Developmental Psychology, 22(6), 723–742.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (2001). Human Development, Bioecological Theory of. In P. Baltes & N. Smelser (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (pp. 6963–6970). https://doi.org/10.1016/b0-08-043076-7/00359-4
Bronfenbrenner, U. (2005). The Bioecological Theory of Human Development. In U. Bronfenbrenner (Ed.), Making Human Beings Human: Bioecological Perspectives on Human Development (pp. 3–15). London: Sage Publication.
Bronfenbrenner, U., & Morris, P. A. (2017). The Bioecological Model of Human Development. In W. Doman & R. Lerner (Eds.), Handbook of Child Psychology: Vol. 1. Theoritical Models of Human Development (5th Ed, pp. 993–1028). New York: Wiley.
Cahyani, I. P. (2019). Digital Literacy of Lecturers as Whatsapp Group Users In Spreading Hoax Informations and Hate Speech. Expose: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 2(2), 147–163. https://doi.org/10.33021/exp.v2i2.562
Carina, J. (2019). Cegah Hoaks, Media Sosial Dibatasi. Kompas.
Celot, P. (2012). EAVI Studies on Media Literacy in Europe. Medijske Studije, 3(6), 76–82.
Celot, P., & Tornero, J. M. P. (2009). Study on Assessment Criteria for Media Literacy Levels. Brussels.
FAR. (2018). Pilkada Serentak 2018, Warga Tentukan 171 Pemimpin Daerah. Retrieved August 26, 2018, from cnnindonesia.com website: https://www.cnnindonesia.com/pilkadaserentak/nasional/20180626203441-32-309218/pilkada-serentak-2018-warga-tentukan-171-pemimpin-daerah?
Firmansyah, R. (2017). Web Klarifikasi Berita Untuk Meminimalisir Penyebaran Berita Hoax. Jurnal Informatika, 4(2), 230–235. https://doi.org/10.31311/ji.v4i2.2138
Florina, I. D. (2019). Literasi Media Baru di Kalangan Dosen Menaggapi Isu Politik dalam Pusaran Hoax dan Hate Speech. Ettisal: Journal of Communication, 4(1), 55–66. https://doi.org/10.21111/ettisal.v212.2821
Gumilar, G., Adiprasetio, J., & Maharani, N. (2017). Literasi Media: Cerdas Menggunakan Media Sosial Dalam Menanggulangi Berita Palsu (Hoax) Oleh Siswa SMA. Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 1(1), 35–40.
Gustaman, Y. (2019). Dosen Asal Solo yang Sebarkan Hoax “Server KPU Disetting†Sering Pindah-pindah Selama Buron. Retrieved August 26, 2019, from tribunnews.com website: https://www.tribunnews.com/nasional/2019/06/17/dosen-asal-solo-yang-sebarkan-hoax-server-kpu-disetting-sering-pindah-pindah-selama-buron?page=4.%0A
Harbowo, N. (2019, April). Hoaks Ganggu Stabilitas Nasional. Kompas.
Hartanto, A. D. (2018). Empat Anggota Muslim Cyber Army Ditangkap di Empat Kota Berbeda. Retrieved August 26, 2018, from Tirto.id website: https://tirto.id/empat-anggota-muslim-cyber-army-ditangkap-di-empat-kota-berbeda-cFnK
Herawati, D. M. (2016). Penyebaran Hoax dan Hate Speech sebagai Representasi Kebebasan Berpendapat. Promedia: Jurnal Public Relation Dan Media Komunikasi, 2(2), 138–155.
Heryanto, G. G. (2017). Bisnis Hoaks dan Literasi Digital. Retrieved May 29, 2019, from mediaindonesia.com website: https://mediaindonesia.com/read/detail/120440-bisnis-hoaks-dan-literasi-digital
Hidayatulloh, M. N. (2018). Rektor IAIN Surakarta Dukung Masyarakat Anti Hoax. Retrieved July 12, 2019, from iain-surakarta.ac.id website: http://www.iain-surakarta.ac.id/?p=11205
Ilahi, H. N. (2018). Women and Hoax News Processing on WhatsApp. JSP: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik, 22(2), 98–111. https://doi.org/10.22146/jsp.31865
Imaduddin, F. (2018). Ujaran Kebencian. Retrieved August 26, 2018, from remotivi.or.id website: http://www.remotivi.or.id/kupas/444/Ujaran-Kebencian
Irawan. (2018). Hate Speech di Indonesia: Bahaya dan Solusi. Mawa’izh: Jurnal Dakwah Dan Pengembangan Sosial Kemanusiaan, 9(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.32923/maw.v9i1.712
Juliswara, V. (2017). Mengembangkan Model Literasi Media yang Berkebhinnekaan dalam Menganalisis Informasi Berita Palsu (Hoax) di Media Sosial. Jurnal Pemikiran Sosiologi, 4(2), 142–164. https://doi.org/10.22146/jps.v4i2.28586
Kami, I. M. (2019). 62 Hoax Pemilu 2019 Teridentifikasi Kominfo, Ini Daftarnya. Retrieved September 14, 2109, from detik.com website: https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4368351/62-hoax-pemilu-2019-teridentifikasi-kominfo-ini-daftarnya
Khoiri, I. (2019). Menyaring Suara Jernih di Tengah Riuh. Kompas.
King, L. A. (2017). Psikologi Umum: Sebuah Pandangan Apresiatif (Ed 3 Jil 1). Jakarta: Salemba Humanika.
Kurniawan, A. B. (2019, June). Fanatisme Berlebihan Picu Peredaran Hoaks. Kompas.
Kusuma, S., & Lubis, D. P. (2016). Media Sosial dan Kebijakan Kapolri Mengenai “Hate Speech†(Ujaran Kebencian). Jurnal Komunikasi Pembangunan, 14(1), 151–159. https://doi.org/10.29244/jurnalkmp.14.1.%25p
Langer, E. J. (2000). Mindful Learning. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 9(6), 220–223. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8721.00099
MacAvaney, S., Hao-Ren Yao, Eugene Yang, Russell, K., Goharian, N., & Frieder, O. (2019). Hate Speech Detection: Challenges and Solutions. PLoS ONE, 14(8), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221152
Mahardika, M. C. (2018). AFI FUD IAIN Surakarta Adakan Pengabdian Masyarakat Berbasis Mutu. Retrieved July 12, 2019, from iain-surakarta.ac.id website: http://www.iain-surakarta.ac.id/?p=13170
Manalu, S. R., Pradekso, T., & Setyabudi, D. (2018). Understanding the Tendency of Media Users to Consume Fake News. Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 15(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.24002/jik.v15i1.1322
Mastel. (2017). Press Release: Infografis Hasil Survey MASTEL Tentang Wabah Hoax Nasional. Retrieved August 26, 2018, from mastel.id website: http://mastel.id/press-release-infografis-hasil-survey-mastel-tentang-wabah-hoax-nasional/
McGonagle, T. (2017). ‘“Fake Newsâ€â€™: False Fears or Real Concerns? Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights, 35(4), 203–209. https://doi.org/10.1177/0924051917738685
Nasrullah, R. (2017). Media Sosial: Perspektif Komunikasi, Budaya, dan Sosioteknologi. Bandung: Simbiosa Rekatama Media.
Ramadhan, D. I. (2019). Unggah “People Power-Bunuh Polisiâ€, Dosen Solatun Selalu Jadi Provokator. Retrieved July 12, 2019, from detik.com website: https://news.detik.com/berita-jawa-barat/d-4545253/unggah-people-power-bunuh-polisi-dosen-solatun-selalu-jadi-provokator
Ratmanto, A. (2018). Melawan Hoaks Melalui Seminar Jurnalistik. Retrieved July 12, 2019, from iain-surakarta.ac.id website: http://www.iain-surakarta.ac.id/?p=15252
Rusdiana, J. (2018a). Jurusan KPI IAIN Surakarta Ajak Generasi Milenial Tangkal Hoax. Retrieved July 12, 2019, from iain-surakarta.ac.id website: http://www.iain-surakarta.ac.id/?p=12762
Rusdiana, J. (2018b). Menag RI: PTKIN Sebenarnya Sudah Punya Mekanisme Anti Hoax. Retrieved July 12, 2019, from iain-surakarta.ac.id website: http://www.iain-surakarta.ac.id/?p=11520
Saputra, A. (2019). Dosen USU Penyebar Hoaks “Bom Surabaya Pengalihan Isu†Dihukum Percobaan. Retrieved July 12, 2019, from detik.com website: https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4562503/dosen-usu-penyebar-hoaks-bom-surabaya-pengalihan-isu-dihukum-percobaan
Saputro, G. E., & Haryadi, T. (2018). Edukasi Kampanye Anti Hoax Melalui Komik Strip. Demandia: Jurnal Desain Komunikasi Visual, Manajemen Desain Dan Periklanan, 03(02), 94–111. https://doi.org/10.25124/demandia.v3i02.1550
Silalahi, R. R., Bestari, P., & Saputra, W. T. (2017). Karakteristik Strategi Crowdsourcing untuk Membatasi Penyebaran Hoaks di Indonesia Studi Kasus: Masyarakat Anti Fitnah Indonesia. MetaCommunication; Journal Of Communication Studies, 2(2), 128–154.
Sudibyo, A. (2019). Gelombang Hoaks Jelang Pemilu. Kompas.
Sushmita, C. I. (2019). Mahasiswa IAIN Surakarta Siap Sukseskan Pemilu Damai 2019 Tanpa Hoaks. Retrieved July 12, 2019, from solopos.com website: https://soloraya.solopos.com/read/20181124/490/954819/mahasiswa-iain-surakarta-siap-sukseskan-pemilu-damai-2019-tanpa-hoaks
Tsaniyah, N., & Juliana, K. A. (2019). Literasi Digital Sebagai Upaya Menangkal Hoaks di Era Disrupsi. Al-Balagh: Jurnal Dakwah Dan Komunikasi, 4(1), 121–140. https://doi.org/10.22515/balagh.v4i1.1555
Undang-Undang nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (UU ITE). (2008).
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 12 Tahun 2012 tentang Perguruan Tinggi. (2012).
Utami, P. (2018). Hoax in Modern Politics: The Meaning of Hoax in Indonesian Politics and Democracy. JSP: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik, 22(2), 85–97. https://doi.org/10.22146/jsp.34614
West, R. F., Meserve, R. J., & Stanovich, K. E. (2012). Cognitive Sophistication Does Not Attenuate the Bias Blind Spot. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 103(3), 506–519. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028857
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