Analysis of Gender Development Gaps in Indonesia

Abstract

Human development efforts are intended for the entire population in a country, regardless of sex differences. There is a term for gender-based development that measures development achievements between women and men. However, Indonesia is still very thick with a patriarchal culture that makes women tend to have fewer rights than men in work, education, politics, and the economy. This makes it difficult for women to develop their potential in various fields. This gender inequality can cause development not to be able to reach its maximum potential. Gender inequality is considered to hamper the economy. Slowing economic growth certainly hurts income, both at the national, regional, and per capita levels. This study aims to identify the picture of the gender development gap in Indonesia by collecting secondary data, which is then studied more deeply. The results of the descriptive analysis show that there are still gender disparities in almost all provinces in Indonesia. Furthermore, based on the results of inference analysis using panel data, this study concluded that the gender gap simultaneously has a significant effect on per capita income. Gender inequality variables that have a partial influence include the wages of women workers, female labour force participation, and gender development.

Keyword: Gender, Gender Development Index, Gender Inequality