Elementary School Students' Ability to Solve Mathematical Story Problems
Main Article Content
Keywords
Conceptual Understanding, Math Story Problems, Student Abilities, Operational Abilities, Problem Solving
Abstract
Elementary school students' ability to solve mathematical story problems is important in implementing contextual learning in everyday life, but students often have difficulty understanding and solving story-based problems. This study analyses students' ability to solve mathematical story problems, namely conceptual understanding, operational abilities, and problem-solving. This type of research is descriptive quantitative research carried out in stages from September 2023 to April 2024. The study subjects were 34 fifth-grade students who were given five essay story problems. The data analysis technique in this study used descriptive statistics with percentages. The results showed that in the aspect of conceptual understanding, the average score of students was 2.18, with the majority of answer categories at a low level (47.05%). Regarding operational abilities, the average score reached 2.35 for multiplication and 2.32 for division operations, with the highest answer categories at a low level (35.29% and 35.29%). In the problem-solving aspect, the average student score was 1.76 for question 4 and 1.88 for question 5, with most students (58.82% and 44.11%) in the low category. Overall, the average score of students in solving story problems was 52.65, with a standard deviation of 18.80; the highest score was 90, and the lowest score was 25. These results indicate that students' ability to solve mathematical story problems still needs to be improved, especially in problem-solving. More structured learning interventions based on problem-solving steps are recommended to improve students' abilities
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References
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Putri, L. S., & Pujiastuti, H. (2021). Analisis kesulitan siswa kelas v sekolah dasar dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita pada materi bangun ruang. Terampil: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Dasar, 8(1), 65-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/terampil.v8i1.9200
Putri, L. S., & Pujiastuti, H. (2021). Analisis kesulitan siswa kelas v sekolah dasar dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita pada materi bangun ruang. Terampil: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Dasar, 8(1), 65-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/terampil.v8i1.9200
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Anturichana, A., Fatmawati, C., Rohmah, U., Aziz, A., & Taufik, T. (2021). Analisis kesulitan belajar matematika dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita di kelas V MI Assyafi’iyah Kebonagung. JIEES: Journal of Islamic Education at Elementary School, 2(2), 63-71. https://jiees.alkhoziny.ac.id/index.php/jiees/article/view/38
Asanjarani, F., & Zarebahramabadi, M. (2021). Evaluating the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on math self-concept and math anxiety of elementary school students. Preventing School Failure: Alternative Education for Children and Youth, 65(3), 223-229. https://doi.org/10.1080/1045988X.2021.1888685
Azis, A. (2019). Analisis kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita pada pembelajaran matematika kelas VIII. Jurnal Akademik Pendidikan Matematika, 5(1). 64-72. https://ejournal.lppmunidayan.ac.id/index.php/matematika/article/view/173
Bowers, J. S., & Stephens, B. (2011). Using technology to explore mathematical relationships: A framework for orienting mathematics courses for prospective teachers. Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education, 14, 285-304. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10857-011-9168-x
Dharmayanti, L. (2019). Penerapan pendekatan pembelajaran kontekstual untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep matematika pada siswa sekolah dasar kelas IV. COLLASE (Creative of Learning Students Elementary Education), 2(6), 240-244. https://journal.ikipsiliwangi.ac.id/index.php/collase/article/view/3566
Dwidarti, U., Mampouw, H. L., & Setyadi, D. (2019). Analisis kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita pada materi himpunan. Jurnal Cendekia: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 3(2), 315-322. https://doi.org/10.31004/cendekia.v3i2.110
Farida, N. (2015). Analisis kesalahan siswa SMP kelas VIII dalam menyelesaikan masalah soal cerita matematika. AKSIOMA: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika, 4(2). 42-52. https://ojs.fkip.ummetro.ac.id/index.php/matematika/article/view/306
Fitrah, M. (2017). Pembelajaran berbasis masalah untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep matematika pada materi segiempat siswa smp. Kalamatika: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 2(1), 51-70. https://doi.org/10.22236/KALAMATIKA.vol2no1.2017pp51-70
Halimatusadiah, A. M. A., Maulana, M., & Syahid, A. A. (2017). Pengaruh pendekatan kontekstual berstrategi react terhadap kemampuan pemahaman matematis dan motivasi belajar siswa pada operasi bilangan bulat. Jurnal Pena Ilmiah, 2(1), 791-800. https://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/penailmiah/article/view/11215
Kurniawati, D., & Ekayanti, A. (2020). Pentingnya berpikir kritis dalam pembelajaran matematika. PeTeKa, 3(2), 107-114. http://jurnal.um-tapsel.ac.id/index.php/ptk/article/view/1892
Kusumabangsa, A. D. (2016). Identifikasi kesulitan belajar siswa kelas v sd negeri sosrowijayan kota yogyakarta. Basic Education, 5(3), 169-182. https://journal.student.uny.ac.id/index.php/pgsd/article/view/868
Mansur, N. (2018). Melatih literasi matematika siswa dengan soal PISA. Prisma, Prosiding Seminar Nasional Matematika, 1, 140–144. https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/prisma/article/view/19574
Muntaha, A., Wibowo, T., & Kurniasih, N. (2020). Analisis kesulitan siswa dalam mengonstruksi model matematika pada soal cerita. Maju, 7(2), 505271. https://www.neliti.com/publications/505271/analisis-kesulitan-siswa-dalam-mengonstruksi-model-matematika-pada-soal-cerita#cite
Nabillah, T., & Abadi, A. P. (2020). Faktor penyebab rendahnya hasil belajar siswa. Prosiding Sesiomadika, 2(1c). https://journal.unsika.ac.id/index.php/sesiomadika/article/view/2685
Nafisah, A. I., & Bisri, M. (2024). The relationship between reading interest and the ability to solve mathematics story problems in elementary school students. JENIUS (Journal of Education Policy and Elementary Education Issues), 5(1), 22-31. https://doi.org/10.22515/jenius.v5i1.8785
National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM). (2000). Principles and Standards for School Mathematics. Reston, VA: NCTM.
Nisa, S. C., Suprapto, E., & Sari, E. (2024). Identifikasi kemampuan berpikir logis dalam pemecahan masalah matematika pada siswa kelas XI SMAN 6 madiun. Journal on Education, 6(4), 19945-19956. https://doi.org/10.31004/joe.v6i4.6012
Piaget, J. (1952). Jean Piaget. In E. G. Boring, H. Werner, H. S. Langfeld, & R. M. Yerkes (Eds.), A history of psychology in autobiography, 4. 237–256. Clark University Press. https://doi.org/10.1037/11154-011
Putra, I. S. (2020). Klasifikasi Ayat-Ayat Al-Qur’an yang memuat Konsep Operasi Bilangan serta Integranya Dengan Agama Islam. FiTUA: Jurnal Studi Islam, 1(2), 165–177. https://doi.org/10.47625/fitua.v1i2.259
Putri, L. S., & Pujiastuti, H. (2021). Analisis kesulitan siswa kelas v sekolah dasar dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita pada materi bangun ruang. Terampil: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Dasar, 8(1), 65-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/terampil.v8i1.9200
Putri, L. S., & Pujiastuti, H. (2021). Analisis kesulitan siswa kelas v sekolah dasar dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita pada materi bangun ruang. Terampil: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Dasar, 8(1), 65-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/terampil.v8i1.9200
Sadewo, Y. D., Purnasari, P. D., & Muslim, S. (2022). Filsafat matematika: Kedudukan, peran, dan persepektif permasalahan dalam pembelajaran matematika. Inovasi Pembangunan: Jurnal Kelitbangan, 10(01), 15-28. https://doi.org/10.35450/jip.v10i01.269
Schoenfeld, A. H. (1985). Mathematical problem solving. Academic Press. https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=en&lr=&id=0cbSBQAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Mathematical+problem+solving&ots=83pxMw4RZb&sig=9ITzZKZfJO812_Yx9Q0nwOG-k6Y&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Mathematical%20problem%20solving&f=false
Sidik, G. S. (2016). Analisis proses berpikir dalam pemahaman matematis siswa sekolah dasar dengan pemberian scaffolding. JPsd (Jurnal Pendidikan Sekolah Dasar), 2(2), 192-204. https://jurnal.untirta.ac.id/index.php/jpsd/article/view/799
Siregar, S. N., Solfitri, T., & Roza, Y. (2014). Pengenalan konsep operasi hitung bilangan melalui permainan congklak dalam pembelajaran matematika. Al- Khwarizmi: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, 2(1), 119–128. https://doi.org/10.24256/jpmipa.v2i1.107
Suci, D. W., & Taufina, T. (2020). Peningkatan pembelajaran matematika melalui strategi berbasis masalah di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Basicedu, 4(2), 505– 512. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v4i2.371
Utami, R. W., Endaryono, B. T., & Djuhartono, T. (2018). Kemampuan peserta didik dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita matematika. Faktor: Jurnal Ilmiah Kependidikan, 5(3), 187–192. https://journal.lppmunindra.ac.id/index.php/Faktor/article/view/2719
Wulandari, W., Darmawijoyo, D., & Hartono, Y. (2016). Pengaruh pendekatan pemodelan matematika terhadap kemampuan argumentasi siswa kelas VIII smp negeri 15 Palembang. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika Sriwijaya, 10(1), 114-126. https://www.neliti.com/publications/122961/pengaruh-pendekatan-pemodelan-matematika-terhadap-kemampuan-argumentasi-siswa-ke#cite
Wuryandani, W., Maftuh, B., & Budimansyah, D. (2014). Pendidikan karakter disiplin di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan, 33(2), 286-295. https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v2i2.2168
Yanto, M. (2020). Manajemen sekolah dalam pengelolaan kegiatan guru bahasa indonesa di sekolah dasar. ESTETIK : Jurnal Bahasa Indonesia, 3(1), 15– 26. http://repository.iaincurup.ac.id/id/eprint/162
Yayuk, E. (2019). Pembelajaran matematika sekolah dasar. UMMPress, 4-5. Yayuk, E. (2019). Pembelajaran Matematika SD. Malang: Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang. Hal 4. https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=en&lr=&id=uc_oDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP2&dq=Pembelajaran+Matematika+Sekolah+Dasar.+UMMPress,+4-5&ots=_Rw8Uhkj7U&sig=E_zr3FiJ5-uA_f6wHhP1wLXJT80&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pembelajaran%20Matematika%20Sekolah%20Dasar.%20UMMPress%2C%204-5&f=false
Yeni, E. M. (2015). Kesulitan belajar matematika di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar (JUPENDAS), 2(2), 1–10. http://www.jfkip.umuslim.ac.id/index.php/jupendas/article/view/231
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